[93] Mark Freedman et al. 30111. on Vehicles with a larger number of rear seats may present visual signal complexities and other challenges. [44] VEHICLE 33. 0000008408 00000 n These can be useful 0000031738 00000 n informational resource until the Administrative Committee of the Federal (Other exceptions also apply.) 0000031013 00000 n 0000047012 00000 n In accordance with MAP-21, in early 2013, NHTSA initiated a rulemaking proceeding when it submitted for public comment a Start Printed Page 51078proposal to undertake a study regarding the effectiveness of existing rear seat belt warning systems. 0000045181 00000 n 9. Starting in September 2019, the Economic Commission for Europe (ECE) Regulation No. [88] The Public Inspection page may also An occupant detection system in the rear seat may have difficulty detecting a child restraint system. We also seek comment on balancing effectiveness with costs, technological feasibility, and acceptability. For a fuller discussion of the history of the active and passive protection requirements in FMVSS No. 0000043267 00000 n 36, 38. Your body reacts to an alarm reaction by releasing _______ into your blood stream: with severe emotional pain, the driver could turn to substance ___ to hide emotional pain. See, e.g., Transportation Research Board Study, p. 25; DOT 2009 Belt Warning Study, p. 2. This includes, among other things, a visual warning indicating any rear seating position in which a seat belt is unfastened. 0000031853 00000 n 97. Next, for the type(s) of occupants upon which the criteria are based, what should the criteria be? The document also seeks comment on removing the 8-second maximum duration for the driver's seat belt warning specified in FMVSS No. Calculated from Boyle & Lampkin, supra, p. 11 (Fig. Second, NHTSA's 2015 Survey of Principal Drivers of Vehicles with a Rear Seat Belt Reminder System studied the effectiveness and acceptability of rear seat belt warnings based on a consumer telephone survey of the drivers of vehicles with and without rear seat belt warning systems. 0000063657 00000 n 84. Approximately 37,000+ people die annually on the roads of the United States. These included warning systems that had only the minimum features required by FMVSS No. Foldable or stowable seats in the second row are not as prominent in minivans. [60] 0000047687 00000 n The National Child Restraint Use Special Study found that only 13 percent of drivers reported reading the vehicle owner's manual. (2019, February). NHTSA's research suggests that at least some unbelted rear seat occupants might be amenable to wearing a seat belt. For complete information about, and access to, our official publications For example, for the static suppression and low-risk deployment compliance options, FMVSS No. Should information about the reconnection of electrical components for any removable/stowable seats be placed in close proximity to the seat's electrical connection? [Found in the docket for this ANPRM.]. 2002. If you wish to submit any information under a claim of confidentiality, you should submit three copies of your complete submission, including the information you claim to be confidential business information, to the Chief Counsel, NHTSA, at the address given above under FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT. 208 currently requires a driver's seat belt warning with an audible warning lasting between four and eight seconds. 0000046831 00000 n 0000005753 00000 n The results of NHTSA's research are discussed in more detail in Section VI.A and VI.C-D. NHTSA Research on Effectiveness and Acceptance of Seat Belt Warnings, VI. The petitioners further asserted that rear seat belt warnings are technologically feasible and would be less costly if they were required in all vehicles. The agency's research has noted that no clear consensus exists about which warning system features are most acceptable,[70] Overall, of those who reported experiencing a change of seat belt status alert (49%), over three-quarters of these drivers (77%) said that the unbuckled passenger eventually did refasten her seat belt, either on her own or at the driver's request. The system can determine whether any seats are occupied by an unbelted occupant, as opposed to simply notifying the driver which or how many belts, if any, are fastened. This compliance option would not necessitate occupant detection. 0000042679 00000 n Until the ACFR grants it official status, the XML The agency has presented a wide variety of different potential alert systems, all with different cost and effectiveness profiles, and is not at this time conducting a cost-benefit analysis on any particular approach. 04/28/2023, 39 0000013419 00000 n 208 to provide a safety belt use warning system for designated seating positions in the rear seat. NHTSA seeks comment on this issue, particularly on whether such electrical connection requirements should be proposed, and if so what they should be, and what types of seats they should be required for. 208 requires the air bag system to be active during several static tests using a 5th percentile adult female dummy in the right front passenger seat. 7. What is now the second option (S7.3(a)(2)) became effective in 1974 and has remained unchanged since then. 208 to provide a safety belt use warning system for designated seating positions in the rear seat. Active protection refers to features, such as manual seat belts, that require action by the occupant, while passive protection, sometimes called automatic protection, refers to safety features that do not require any action by the occupant other than sitting in a designated seating position. [54] FMVSS No. Seat belt interlocks prevent starting or operating a motor vehicle if an occupant is not using a seat belt. 04/28/2023, 204 We also seek comment on whether any vehicles within the broad applicability criteria should be exempt. Therefore, at 0 ms the car is impacting the wall. 0000007371 00000 n Rear seats may frequently be used to transport cargo such as groceries, pets, and other heavy objects, which could be mistaken for an occupant. See Docket No. Unattended vehicles shall be parked with the drivers side facing the aircraft and so it will not interfere with aircraft being towed or taxied. Repeated violations are cause for disciplinary action, which may include suspension and/or dismissal.5. Seat belts will be worn by all occupants, at all times.6. See Docket Nos. 17. [42] In particular, continuous buzzers and ignition interlocks annoyed many consumers to the point of their disabling or circumventing the systems. Are there new and innovative wireless technologies that could reduce or eliminate wiring complexities, such as those used in tire pressure monitoring systems? WebIn 2018, 803 unbelted rear seat passenger vehicle occupants age eight and older died in traffic crashes in the United States. A sequential logic system would require that the belt be buckled after the seat has been occupied in order for the system to recognize the seat belt as being buckled; An occupant buckles the seat belt behind themselves. This could be addressed by utilizing seat belt buckle and spool-out sensors and deactivating the warning only if the webbing were spooled out more than a predetermined length. A variety of potential system requirements could be proposed to address this potential issue. DOT's guidelines may be accessed at. [31] Seat belt warning systems encourage seat belt use by reminding unbuckled occupants to fasten their belts and/or by informing the driver that an occupant is unbelted, so that the driver can request the unbelted occupant to fasten their seat belt. It directs the Secretary to either issue a final rule, or, if the Secretary determines that such an amendment does not meet the requirements and considerations of 49 U.S.C. As the vehicle continues to deform at the beginning, the passengers are still traveling forward at the speed of the vehicle. FALSE The study covered several states in different parts of the country. Your child should sit in a rear-facing car seat for as long as possible. 0000010422 00000 n 04/28/2023, 244 The RFC discussed the agency's research and findings regarding requiring rear seat belt warnings and solicited comments. The occupant is repositioned to a location within the air bag deployment path just prior to deployment by a pre-impact or at-impact event. A single-trip manual activation refers to a feature that allows the driver to acknowledge a visual or audio signale.g., with a press of a buttonand not continue seeing or hearing it. Below we ask specific questions about potential specifications for visual and audible warnings, and, more generally, which of these NHTSA should propose for the rear seat belt warning system minimum requirements. 18-20. Unbelted occupants reach 0 mph by striking the windshield, steering column and dashboard, they deform and crush. The most frequently recorded BAC level among drinking drivers in fatal crashes was ___. You do not need to change your windshield wipers; they should last as long as you own the car. Unbelted that required NHTSA to evaluate the effectiveness and acceptability of several different types of enhanced seat belt warnings offered by a number of manufacturers. 38. Passenger vehicles with more than one person. At what Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC) are you presumed impaired in Florida? Motor vehicle safety is defined in the Motor Vehicle Safety Act as the performance of a motor vehicle or motor vehicle equipment in a way that protects the public against unreasonable risk of accidents occurring because of the design, construction, or performance of a motor vehicle, and against unreasonable risk of death or injury in an accident, and includes nonoperational safety of a motor vehicle.[52] from 40 agencies. [69] 208 requires a seat belt warning system for the driver's seat, but not other seating positions. NHTSA has implemented a variety of non-regulatory approaches to increase seat belt use, such as the annual Click It or Ticket mobilization, which includes a national advertising campaign backed up by high-visibility local enforcement of state seat belt laws. documents in the last year. NHTSA could potentially establish criteria in NCAP for rear seat belt warning systems as it does for other vehicle safety features. ECE Regulation No. A change in seat belt status in front and rear seats also initiates the second level warning. Driver education test Flashcards | Quizlet to submit a report to Congress describing the reasons for not prescribing such a standard. See Transportation Research Board Study, supra, p. 31 n.3. First, it conducted the multi-phase seat belt Start Printed Page 51088warning study that was part of the research program initiated pursuant to SAFETEA-LU. If your shoulder restraints keep hitting you in the ear or in the neck, consult your owners manual on how to adjust the the height of the safety belts. 14. [81] As discussed above, Congress enacted this restriction in 1974. For example, the system could indicate how many or which rear seat belts are in use (a positive-only system); how many or which rear seat belts are not in use (a negative-only system); or how many or which rear seat belts are in use and how many or which rear seat belts are not in use (a full-status system). Transportation Research Board Study, p. 9. 41. July 2003. 0000028439 00000 n MassDOT IMPACT Phase II - Identification of Risk [55] The agency also seeks comment on the safety need for such warnings and the costs and feasibility of addressing these issues. edition of the Federal Register. 0000012899 00000 n What would be the increased cost associated with such a system (on a per seat and per vehicle basis), and how would it compare to the increased benefits (if any)? All of these manufacturers' rear seat belt warning systems use a display that is visible to the driver and indicates which rear seat belts are in use, as well as employing a change-of-status reminder that has visual and audible components. NHTSA's research (for front seat belt Start Printed Page 51087warnings) suggests that longer-duration warnings are more effective, but also more annoying. All of the above 9. Web(SHSP) is to reach zero fatalities. NHTSA-2001-9899, NHTSA-2002-13379, NHTSA-2003-14742, NHTSA-2003-15006, and NHTSA-2003-15156. to submit a report to Congress describing the reasons for not prescribing such a standard. 0000002926 00000 n In addition, rear seats may be less well-defined than most front seats, which could make it more challenging for a sensor to define seat occupancy accurately. 8. Such systems are also better able to appropriately target audible warnings or longer-duration visual warnings (enhanced warnings). [83] 04/28/2023, 153 Follow the online instructions for accessing the dockets. 208 in 1974 to require that only the driver seating position be equipped with a seat belt warning system providing a visual and audible warning, with the audible warning not lasting longer than eight seconds. 6). Should NHTSA retain these criteria to determine if a rear seated occupant is belted, and if not, what should the criteria be, and why? NEW REQUIREMENTS AND SOLUTIONS F. Porsche FMVSS No. What minimum length of time would be sufficient to capture the driver's (or passenger's) attention for the rear seat belt warning, without becoming a distraction or nuisance for the driver (or passenger)? Because MAP-21 removed the 8-second limitation, NHTSA may require longer-lasting audible warnings. It also includes an audiovisual change-in-status warning. Particularly with respect to a visual warning for the driver, what type of information should a visual warning convey? Where should the visual warning be located, especially with respect to the rear passenger, if such a telltale were appropriate? 0000015312 00000 n The first is a large-sample national observational study on the effectiveness of front seat belt warnings. NHTSA also seeks comment on the potential for false warnings, and how this might be addressed. To read the comments on the internet, go to http://www.regulations.gov. [47] Paul Schroeder & Melanie Wilbur. Their assessment protocol dictates the requirements for the activation and duration of the warning signals for front and rear seats including a change of status warning. John M. Boyle & Cheryl Lampkin. daily Federal Register on FederalRegister.gov will remain an unofficial 0000028596 00000 n 92. 2015. Unable to pull the Mustang from underneath the semi, fire crews worked for nearly 30 minutes cutting away the top of the vehicle, as well as two of the doors, to free [82] 102. Foldable, rotating or otherwise stowable seats (e.g., Stow-n-Go, Flip and Fold) are prominent in the third row of minivans or large sport utility vehicles. 87. Privacy Act: Anyone is able to search the electronic form of all comments received into any of our dockets by the name of the individual submitting the comment (or signing the comment, if submitted on behalf of an association, business, labor union, etc.). You may contact Ms. Carla Rush, Office of Crashworthiness Standards, Telephone: 202-366-4583, Facsimile: 202-493-2739 or Mr. John Piazza, Office of Chief Counsel, Telephone: 202-366-2992, Facsimile: 202-366-3820. For example, would a less sophisticated warning, such as a specialized system of mirrors, be sufficient to inform the driver about the status of the rear seat belts? There could be instances for manual connection seats where the driver either forgets to make the connection or makes an improper connection. More information and documentation can be found in our . Wandering eyes and a basic lack of attention to the road _________ the potential for a collision. 14. Paul Schroeder & Melanie Wilbur. Seventy-eight percent of drivers were satisfied with the change-of-status warning during a trip; about 1 percent were dissatisfied. to the courts under 44 U.S.C. Paul Schroeder & Melanie Wilbur. The ECE regulation uses similar thresholds, but lets the manufacturer choose either a speed, distance traveled, or a duration threshold. Seat belt latch and webbing spool-out sensors are already used by many manufacturers to comply with the existing driver seat belt requirements. How can I read the comments submitted by other people? [27] [101] [Found in the docket for this ANPRM.]. the material on FederalRegister.gov is accurately displayed, consistent with 98. In 2002, the agency chartered an integrated project team to recomm8end Start Printed Page 51082strategies for increasing seat belt use. Search for an answer or ask Weegy. 0000001958 00000 n As it continues with this proceeding, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) seeks comment on a variety of issues related to a requirement for a rear seat belt warning system, including potential requirements for such systems, the vehicles to which they should apply, their effectiveness, the likely consumer acceptance, and the associated costs and benefits. We seek comment on specific warning signal attributes that NHTSA could propose (e.g., duration of an audible warning), and how effective they might be, especially as compared to other possible signal attributes. House Report 107-108, June 22, 2001. Acceptability and Potential Effectiveness of Enhanced Seat Belt Reminder System Features. 27. This fact sheet provides information on who was involved in serious injury and fatal unbelted-occupant crashes, where and when these crashes Many vehicle manufacturers subsequently implemented enhanced seat belt warnings for the driver and front outboard passenger seating positions. approaching or upon the crest of a grade Mature Driver Washington, DC: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. 12. publication in the future. See S571.3. Although NHTSA did not previously have the authority to require, or specify as a compliance option, a seat belt warning with an audible signal lasting more than 8 seconds, the agency facilitated the voluntary adoption of enhanced warnings through a series of legal interpretations that determined that the Safety Act did not prohibit manufacturers from using enhanced warning systems (e.g., systems with audible warnings that lasted more than 8 seconds) as long as the manufacturer differentiated the voluntarily-provided signal from the required signal (for example, by a clearly distinguishable lapse in time between the two signals). This issue might predominantly affect minivans, which make up a small percentage of the fleet. We seek comment on whether the rear warning system should be required to include audible or visual warning features exceeding those currently required for the driver's seat belt warning (including the costs and benefits) and if so, what those features should be. 26. Because of the low prevalence and limited history with rear seat belt warnings, NHTSA has limited direct data on the effectiveness of rear seat belt warnings. To ensure that your comments are correctly filed in the Docket, please include the Docket Number found in the heading of this document in your comments. Tinting. A seat belt warning system utilizing occupant detection technology could provide false reminders if the occupant detection were inaccurate. The President of the United States communicates information on holidays, commemorations, special observances, trade, and policy through Proclamations. The petitioners noted that primary enforcement laws typically do not cover rear seat occupants and asserted that studies have proven that warnings for rear seat belts significantly increase rear passenger seat belt use. 0000028510 00000 n NHTSA seeks comment on whether, and to what degree, a rear seat belt warning would be effective. 99. [62] of the issuing agency. 208 is this statutory limitation. [77] headings within the legal text of Federal Register documents. (Below we also seek comment on alternative non-traditional approaches.) In 2012, Congress passed MAP-21. Front seat belt use in 2017 reached 89.7 percent. On the basis of the general solubility rules given in Table 7.1, predict which of the following substances are likely to be appreciably soluble in water. Describe any assumptions you make and provide any technical information and/or data that you used. If you hit an unoccupied vehicle, you want to handle the situation as if there was a driver present. Among those that supported requiring rear seat belt warnings were IEE S.A., Consumers Union, Insurance Institute for Highway Safety, the Automotive Occupant Restraint Council (now known as the Automotive Safety Council), and the American Academy of Pediatrics. 04/28/2023, 858 when you grip the steering wheel you should place your hands on the steering wheel at the 3 and 9 or 4 and 8 o'clock positions to allow room for air bags to deploy. 1 Parents and caregivers can make a lifesaving difference by ensuring that their children are properly buckled on every trip. L. 112-141) directs the Secretary[5] You can arrange with the docket to be notified when others file comments in the docket. One scenario is when the driver uses a remote engine starter so that the initial warning activates before the driver (and perhaps the rear seat occupants) are in the vehicle. For systems without occupant Start Printed Page 51080detection, the visual signal must clearly indicate to the driver which seat belts are in use and not in use. 4172 0 obj <>stream If you maintain your motor vehicle it will: Unbelted vehicle occupants reach 0 mph by striking the windshield, steering column and dashboard. %%EOF The ECE regulations do not require occupant detection. This feature is not available for this document. Some research may suggest that having the warning visible to the unbelted occupant may increase effectiveness. trucks and multipurpose passenger vehicles (MPVs) with a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) of 4,536 kilograms (kg) (10,000 pounds (lb)) or less (except for some compliance options which do not require the warning);[21] 96. A long-term deactivation may only be effectuated by a sequence of operations that are detailed only in the manufacturer's technical manual or which require tools that are not provided with the vehicle. alcohol affects the reaction time of drivers by slowing the reaction time down. NEVADA Strategic Highway Safety Plan - Zero Fatalities NHTSA has granted Public Citizen and Advocates for Highway and Auto Safety's petition. 80.4%). developer tools pages. 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 Vehicle Model Year Fatalities/MRVY 30111, NHTSA seeks comment on whether it should consider any non-regulatory approaches to address this issue. First, what type of occupants should the criteria be based on; e.g., should they be based on a mid-size male, small-size female, or a child? startxref This might be addressed by programming the system to require input from door or occupant sensors to verify that the driver is in the vehicle. See Figure 1. 16, Revision 9 8.4.2.3.1; European New Car Assessment Programme Assessment ProtocolSafety Assist, 3.3.1.1. About the Federal Register 90. [30] For example, should NTHSA propose requirements for the color of the telltale, required text, pictorial vs. alphanumeric, or whether it flashes? 2. To the extent possible, we will also consider comments filed after the closing date. The President of the United States issues other types of documents, including but not limited to; memoranda, notices, determinations, letters, messages, and orders. According to the results of NHTSA's most recent self-reporting survey of seat belt use, the Motor Vehicle Occupant Safety Survey (MVOSS), while more than four-fifths of survey respondents said they always wore their seat belts when driving (88%) or riding as a passenger in the front seat (86%), only 58 percent said they always wore their seat belts when riding as a passenger in the rear seat.
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