of justice and legality of claims of ownership need not be addressed in this transcription. Estate Records: Includes wills, letters of administration, inventories, annual returns, sales, and guardian bonds. About Us | Contact Us | Copyright | Report Inappropriate Material 13 August 1521: with the capture of King Cuahutemotzin by Hernan Corts and the fall of the city of Mexico, the Aztec empire is overthrown and Mexico comes under Spanish Rule. for 1870 and 1960, the transcriber did not take into consideration any relevant changes in county boundaries. Check the County Records Microfilm Catalog under the name of the county. of the most slaves with the least amount of transcription work. Please note: Many of these records are found in either the Ordinary (Probate) Court or in the Superior Court, depending on the county. We welcome updates and additions to this Wiki page. If the ancestor is not on this list, the 1860 slave census 24,000 between 1860 and 1870, so possibly that is where some went, even though the overall The Archives has books and periodicals on a wide range of subjects in Georgia History. African American slaves were first enumerated in the U.S. Federal Census in 1850 in a separate census called Slave Schedules. transcription includes 104 slaveholders who held 20 or more slaves in Franklin County, Please create an employee account to be able to mark statistics as favorites. However, the data should be checked for the particular surname to see the extent of the matching. Frequently Asked Questions About the 1870 Census Why was the 1870 Census taken? (As a side note, by 1960, 100 years later, the County Also available Available on Ancestry.com. All rights reserved. the census page), the number of slaves they held in the County where the slaves were enumerated and the first census page The birthplace of each individuals parents is also important, as it will help to establish migration routes. SOURCES. American ancestor with one of these surnames is found on the 1870 census, then making the link In one case, the Tuskegee Institute's figures on lynching were in question. 1870 U.S. Census, Navarro County, Texas, population schedule, Beat 1, Corsicana post office, page 1, dwelling 3, family 3, Calvin Kelly household; digital images, Ancestry.com; citing NARA microfilm publication M593, FS Library Film roll 1600. Furthermore, the constant use of racially-charged language to describe African Ancestors will bring the often-oppressive environment to life, easily discouraging sensitive researchers. WebThe U.S. Census Bureau counts the number of people living in the United States every 10 years. Sutch and Carter tell Debbie Elliott what numbers reveal about literacy among freed slaves and the frequency of lynchings in the South. Below you can see two animations comparing the density of the slave population and the density of the total population (keep in mind that the scales are different). By 1850 nearly two-thirds of the plantation slaves were engaged in the production of cotton. Free Blacks, and Free Mulattoes, 1850 The population numbers from the 1860 census are shown below. Corporate Information | Privacy | Terms and Conditions | CCPA Notice at Collection. When looking at the population density of all free persons (below in 1860), large swathes of the South appear virtually depopulated. The majority of the 1890 census no longer survives. Franklin County The last U.S. census slave schedules were The free white population in the North grew in already settled places and spread to the West. Slavery Slaves were Of, 67 slaves, Harris page 221B, DAVIS, Dr. D., 50 slaves, Harris page 207, WILLIAMS, Wm. TERMINOLOGY. An excellent snapshot of schools within the county in any given year. [Example: In Lester Maddoxs files, there are such subject headings as Augusta Riot, 1967-70, Black Panthers and School Desegregation.]. By the time the 1860 E., 28 slaves, Harris page 200B, THOMAS, Jos. An slaveholder. D., 36 slaves, Franklinton page 183B, STAMPER, M. D., 42 slaves, Harris page 200B, STONE, David, 25 slaves, Harris page 2131B, TAYLOR, Archibald, 63 slaves, Harris page 205B, TERRELL, Tolliver, 34 slaves, Harris page 216, THARINGTON, Richd., 29 slaves, Harris page 209B, THOMAS, J__. The Freedmans Bank records provide easily-accessible information, often identifying multiple generations of family members and even the names of the slave owner and plantations of former slaves. The total number of slaves in the eastern seaboard states did, however, grow slowly over time, but not at anything like the rate of growth for free people in the North. Researchers interested in the African-American experience in Georgia should be aware and look for the terms Colored and/or Negro.. U.S. Use the now-familiar process to attempt to locate your ancestor by name in the 1860 population schedule. You only have access to basic statistics. Business Solutions including all features. of 1,543 slaveholders, and those slaveholders have not been included here. The page numbers used are the numbers rubber WebSlaves were enumerated on all federal census records from 1790 to 1860, but not by name. 181B, LEWIS, David M., 38 slaves, Galloway page 188B, LITTLEJOHN, Joseph B., 48 slaves, Harris page 211, MALONE, Dr. Ellis, 34 slaves, Harris page 213B, MANN, Joseph B., 45 slaves, Harris page 196, MARTIN, W. K., 23 slaves, Franklinton page 180, MASSENBURG, N. B., 46 slaves, Harris page 202B, MAY, Willie & Henry, 24 slaves, Galloway page 189B, MCKNIGHT, Asa?, 80 slaves, Galloway page 188, MITCHELL, Leroy, 28 slaves, Harris page 215, MITCHENOR?, Festus, 30 slaves, Galloway page 185, MOON, Wm. should be checked, as almost 11% of African Americans were enumerated as free in 1860, with being reported here with a B added to the number of the preceding page. What did you find? purposes. listed as having 15,993 whites, about a 2.5 times increase, while the 1960 total of 12,718 The authoritative record of NPRs programming is the audio record. % of the total number of U.S. slaveholders, or 1 out of 7,000 free persons, held 20-30% of the total number of slaves in the On the other hand, the period immediately following the Civil Warcalled Reconstructionwitnessed the creation of a treasure trove of records containing unique information about African Americans. During the reign of King Cotton, about 40 percent of the Southern population consisted of Black slaves; the percentage of slaves rose as high as 64 percent in South Carolina in 1720 and 55 percent in Mississippi in 1810 and 1860. Available for 11 counties: Camden, Columbia, Elbert, Franklin, Jackson, Morgan, Oglethorpe, Pulaski, Richmond, Warren, and Wilkes. census, because published indexes almost always do not include the slave census. Marriage Records: Certificates list the names of the bride and groom, county of marriage, date of marriage, and the name of the official who married the couple. Census data for 1860 was obtained from the Historical United States Census Data highest in the U.S. in 1860. "Estimated Number of African Slaves Who Were Taken from Various Regions* of Africa during The Transatlantic Slave Trade in Each Century from 1501 to 1866. Using plantation The U.S. Census is usually the starting point for any genealogical research, as (theoretically) all residents of the United States were counted or enumerated. Slaves 100 years of age or older were supposed to be named on the 1860 slave schedule, but there were only 1,570 slaves of NPR transcripts are created on a rush deadline by an NPR contractor. but no locality was shown for the holders on the other pages. But Deyle writes that "between 60 and 70 percent of these individuals were transported via the interregional slave trade. Alabama, up 37,000 (8%); Florida, up 29,000 (46%); Ohio, up 26,000 (70%); Indiana, up 25,000 State Records Executive Department (RG 1) Governors Letter Books, 1786-1897, RG 1-1-1: Among other subjects, these books indicate problems with the illegal importation of slaves and runaway slaves. Taken every 10 years since 1790, census records provide a snapshot of the nation's population. PLANTATION NAMES. Slavery for consideration by those seeking to make connections between slaveholders and former slaves. African American Library Directors in the USAAfrican American Women Veterans in and from KentuckyComplete A-Z List or List of SourcesKentucky Places or Kentucky Counties. One such report is located at this Census Bureau page on Slavery. Census data on African Americans in the 1870 census was Names of slaves were not entered. Agt., 40 slaves, page 402B, DOZIER, A. S. Department of Education (RG 12) Negro Education Division, 1911-ca. Records of Enslaved People | SLNC - NCDCR U.S. As the 1860 federal census preceded the end of slavery in 1864-1865, the 1870 federal census is extremely important to African American research. You may have to identify other members of their immediate family using later records to find a conclusive match, especially if your family had a common name. Records of Slave Trials, 1800-1850: Available for 6 counties: Baldwin, Hancock, Jones, Lincoln, Putnam, Screven (plus Trials of Free Persons of Color), Taliaferro (only Trials of Free Persons of Color). Most of the African American heads of household in the South in 1880 would have been born under slavery. Story Behind the Number: Literacy and Lynchings slaveholders with 1870 African Americans is intended merely as suggesting another possibility for How many slaves were there in the United States by 1860? The lack of many of the records common in twentieth-century research can make research during this period quite difficult. The process of Most notable in this collection are the WPA surveys of cemeteries, church records, county records, various publications, manuscript collections and the surveys of other states. M858. The census shows no subdivisions within the County. Hanover, Wake, Warren and Wayne. approximately 392,000, an 8% increase, with these Counties being some that showed significant transcriber has chosen to use the term slaveholder rather than slave owner, so that questions But many historians approached that data very skeptically. Slave Importation Registers, 1800-1845, and Lists of Slaves: Affidavits of persons bringing slaves into the state, and lists or registers of slaves and slave owners. Slave population in 1860 chart Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1860_United_States_census Slave Population in 1860 Map In these directories, there are alphabetical and geographic listings of residents, with the race of the individual noted. Southeast Africa: Mozambique, South Africa, Tanzania 1870 Census Records | National Archives This animation of the density of slave population from 1790 to 1860 shows how slavery expanded more than it grew. and 1870, so likely that is where many went. The total population included 3,953,762 slaves. But Harvey Amani Whitfield has shown that some Vermont African Americans were held in bondage. Please do not hesitate to contact me. Web15,653 whites, 173 "free colored" and 24,060 slaves. holders of the most slaves with the least amount of transcription work. Ms. CARTER: It's also a story that would be difficult to put together if you didn't have statistics, because while a family may have records or stories about the children teaching the parents, we know that these stories come from families that are atypical. Ancestry.com and our loyal RootsWeb community. Tens of thousands of Indigenous people labored in bondage across the western United States in the 1800s. Charleston County, South Carolina saw an increase in colored population of about slaves, or an average of about ten slaves per holder. Historian Steven Deyle estimates "that between 1820 and 1860 at least 875,000 American slaves were forcibly removed from the Upper South to the Lower South." In general, you will use the same method as with the enumerations discussed earlier to locate your family in the 1870 census. Where the Coast Survey map showed one measure, the interactive map shows the population of slaves, of free African Americans, of all free people, and of the entire United States, as well as each of those measure in terms of population density and the percentage of the total population. "The History Guy" is a Registered Trademark. These records include private, business, and school records. In Brazil, where sugar had been tried even before its planting in the Caribbean, the coffee bush was imported from Arabia or Ethiopia via Indonesia, and it had an impact similar to that of sugar in the Caribbean. Alabama, up 37,000 (8%); North Carolina, up 31,000 (8%); Florida, up 27,000 (41%); Ohio, up 26,000 (70%); Indiana, up B. Uzzle? Arkansas J., 90 slaves, Harris page 216B, BRODIE, Samuel, 34 slaves, Harris page 214B, CLIFTON, T. T., 24 slaves, Harris page 220, COOK, Jones?, 42 slaves, Galloway page 187B, COOLEY, Jacob, 25 slaves, Dunns page 178B, COPPEDGE, Wm. It is possible to locate an ancestor on a U.S. census for 1860 or earlier and . the source or at the time of the source, with African American being used otherwise. WebThe 1870 census was the first census to provide detailed information on the African American population, only five years after the culmination of the Civil War when slaves pages without a stamped number. 3,953,760 In 1790, the first census of the United States counted 697,624 slaves. In the 1870 and 1880 U.S. Federal Censuses, African Americans were WebThe 1870 population census was the Ninth Decennial Census of the United States. The proportions of slaves on the islands ranged from more than a third in Cuba, which went into the sugar and gang labour business on a large scale only after the local planters had gained control in 1789, to 90 percent and more on Jamaica in 1730, Antigua in 1775, and Grenada up to 1834. out of 7,000 free persons, held 20-30% of the total number of slaves in the U.S.
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