F. Scott Fitzgerald, in full Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald, (born September 24, 1896, St. Paul, Minnesota, U.S.died December 21, 1940, Hollywood, California), American short-story writer and novelist famous for his depictions of the Jazz Age (the 1920s), his most brilliant novel being The Great Gatsby (1925). Hearst Magazine Media, Inc. Site contains certain content that is owned A&E Television Networks, LLC. [169] A more serious rift soon occurred when Zelda belittled Fitzgerald with homophobic slurs and accused him of engaging in a homosexual relationship with Hemingway. [167] This "whoring", as Hemingway called these sales, emerged as a sore point in their friendship. [260] In Graham's place, her friend Dorothy Parker attended the visitation held in the back room of an undertaker's parlor. [225], By that same year, Zelda's intense suicidal mania necessitated her extended confinement at the Highland Hospital in Asheville, North Carolina. Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald was born on September 24th, 1896, in St. Paul, the first surviving child of Edward Fitzgerald and Mary McQuillan Fitzgerald. It seems as if he was always planning happiness for Scottie and for me. Her daughter, Blake Hazard of the indie-pop group the Submarines, appears in some of the movies party scenes as a dancer. [178] The starlet became a muse for the author, and he wrote her into a short story called "Magnetism", in which a young Hollywood film starlet causes a married writer to waver in his sexual devotion to his wife. His full name Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald was taken from his second cousin on his fathers side. Scribner's prepared an initial print run of 20,000 copies. F. Scott Fitzgerald Biography - life, family, name, story, death, wife [253] Edmund Wilson and Aaron Latham suggested Hollywood sucked Fitzgerald's creativity like a vampire. It was in an English course at Sarah Lawrence College. [110] After their eviction from the Commodore Hotel in May 1920, the couple spent the summer in a cottage in Westport, Connecticut, near Long Island Sound. "After the book came out, Eleanor and her siblings [Samuel Jackson, Jr., and Cecilia Scott] agreed to donate the papers to Vassar, Scottie's alma mater," says Streett. It was going to be blasting music and having car wrecks, and everything was going to be over the top and exaggerated., But at the premiere, Lanahan was surprised the characters were so moving, she says. [73] Having returned to his hometown as a failure, Fitzgerald became a social recluse and lived on the top floor of his parents' home at 599Summit Avenue, on Cathedral Hill. [383], Poet Edna St. Vincent Millay, who met Fitzgerald during his years abroad in Paris, likened him to "a stupid old woman with whom someone has left a diamond; she is extremely proud of the diamond and shows it to everyone who comes by, and everyone is surprised that such an ignorant old woman should possess so valuable a jewel". But she was also pretty hard.. Paul. [67], With dreams of a lucrative career in New York City dashed, Fitzgerald could not convince Zelda that he would be able to support her, and she broke off the engagement in June 1919. [68] In the wake of Fitzgerald's rejection by Ginevra two years prior, his subsequent rejection by Zelda dispirited him. [b][44] Zelda was one of the most celebrated debutantes of Montgomery's exclusive country club set. [157], Surveying these posthumous attacks, John Dos Passos opined that many literary critics in popular newspapers lacked the basic discernment about the art of writing. [9] His parents sent him to two Catholic schools on Buffalo's West Sidefirst Holy Angels Convent (19031904) and then Nardin Academy (19051908). Francis Scott Fitzgerald was . Ill give it to you. The war ended in November 1918, before Fitzgerald was ever deployed. When director Baz Luhrmann went on The Colbert Report last week to talk about his new adaptation of The Great Gatsby, he mentioned that a very regal woman took him by the hands after the movies world premiere and told him shed come all the way from Vermont to see what hed done with her grandfathers book. Fitzgerald was commissioned a second lieutenant in the infantry and assigned to Camp Sheridan outside of Montgomery, Alabama. During her youth, Zelda Sayre's wealthy Southern family employed half-a-dozen domestic servants, many of whom were African-American. His friend H. L. Mencken wrote in a June 1934 diary entry that "the case of F. Scott Fitzgerald has become distressing. [419] Other theatrical productions of Fitzgerald's life include Frank Wildhorn's 2005 musical Waiting for the Moon,[420] and a musical produced by the Japanese Takarazuka Revue. [304] He argued that "the thing that chiefly interests the basic Fitzgerald is still the florid show of modern American lifeand especially the devil's dance and that goes on at the top. home/garden troops. While abroad in Europe, Fitzgerald wrote and published, In France, Fitzgerald became close friends with writers. [279] Despite its publication nearly a century ago, the work continues to be cited by scholars as relevant to understanding contemporary America. Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald (September 24, 1896 - December 21, 1940) was an American novelist, essayist, and short story writer. All content "[193] Throughout the luncheon, she manifested signs of mental distress. [182], The Fitzgeralds rented "Ellerslie", a mansion near Wilmington, Delaware, until 1929. [167] After reading The Great Gatsby, an impressed Hemingway vowed to put any differences with Fitzgerald aside and to aid him in any way he could, although he feared Zelda would derail Fitzgerald's writing career. She ended up designing her whole course of study at Sarah Lawrence around F. Scott Fitzgerald. [234] During the next two years, Fitzgerald rented a cheap room at the Garden of Allah bungalow on Sunset Boulevard. [18] While at Princeton, Fitzgerald shared a room and became long time friends with John Biggs Jr, who later helped the author find a home in Delaware. [143] The couple never spoke of the incident,[144] but the episode led to a permanent breach in their marriage. [142] Soon after, Zelda overdosed on sleeping pills. [326] Charles Jackson, author of The Lost Weekend, wrote that Gatsby was the only flawless novel in the history of American literature. September 24, 1896. In 1940 F. Scott Fitzgerald wrote in despair to his wife, Zelda Fitzgerald, saying that he was a "forgotten man," due to his declining literary reputation in the wake of the failure of his third and fourth novels, The Great Gatsby and Tender is the Night. After graduating from the Newman School in 1913, Fitzgerald decided to stay in New Jersey to continue his artistic development at Princeton University. THE story of F. Scott and Zelda Fitzgerald has been of obsessive interest to the public for more than 70 years -- not . [153] By the end of the year, the book had sold fewer than 23,000 copies. [81], Fitzgerald's new fame enabled him to earn much higher rates for his short stories,[82] and Zelda resumed their engagement as Fitzgerald could now pay for her accustomed lifestyle. [157], After wintering in Italy, the Fitzgeralds returned to France, where they alternated between Paris and the French Riviera until 1926. [232][233] Despite earning his highest annual income up to that point ($29,757.87, equivalent to $560,922 in 2021),[232] Fitzgerald spent the bulk of his income on Zelda's psychiatric treatment and his daughter Scottie's school expenses. [191] In February 1932, she underwent hospitalization at the Phipps Clinic at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland. [395][396] While writing This Side of Paradise, Fitzgerald quoted verbatim entire letters sent to him by his Catholic mentor, Father Sigourney Fay. [129] Flaunting his new wealth, Gerlach threw lavish parties,[130] never wore the same shirt twice,[131] used the phrase "old sport",[132] and fostered myths about himself, including that he was a relation of the German Kaiser. This Side of Paradise is a largely autobiographical story about love and greed. [405], Gatsby remains Fitzgerald's most influential literary work as an author. Mary's family was established in St. Paul high society; their home was at 481 Laurel Avenue in the wealthy Summit Avenue neighborhood. [218] Fitzgerald scholar Matthew J. Bruccoli contends Fitzgerald did in fact have recurring TB. [137] He had already written 18,000 words for his novel by mid-1923 but discarded most of his new story as a false start. [62], Seeking his fortune in New York, Fitzgerald worked for the Barron Collier advertising agency and lived in a single room in Manhattan's West Side. Isn't Hollywood a dumpin the human sense of the word. [352], As Fitzgerald's writings made him "the outstanding aggressor in the little warfare" between "the flaming youth against the old guard,"[353] a number of social conservatives later rejoiced when he died. He attended the St. Paul Academy. After two years lost to alcohol and depression, in 1937 Fitzgerald attempted to revive his career as a screenwriter and freelance storywriter in Hollywood, and he achieved modest financial, if not critical, success for his efforts before his death in 1940. F. Scott Fitzgerald has a family connection to the author of "The Star-Spangled Banner.". He is boozing in a wild manner and has become a nuisance. [78] Critics such as H. L. Mencken hailed the work as the best American novel of the year,[79] and newspaper columnists described the work as the first realistic American college novel. [344][345] Due to this thematic focus, his works became a sensation among college students, and the press depicted him as the standard-bearer for "youth in revolt". [133] These details would inspire Fitzgerald in creating his next work, The Great Gatsby. I liked Gatsby very much, and Carey Mulligan was just about right. [305], For his sophomore effort, Fitzgerald discarded the trappings of collegiate bildungsromans and crafted an "ironical-pessimistic" [sic] novel in the style of Thomas Hardy's oeuvre. Although she initially rejected Fitzgerald's marriage proposal due to his lack of financial prospects, Zelda agreed to marry him after he published the commercially successful This Side of Paradise (1920). "[165] To supplement their income, Fitzgerald often wrote stories for magazines such as The Saturday Evening Post, Collier's Weekly, and Esquire. [175] At one party they outraged guests Ronald Colman and Constance Talmadge by a prank: They requested their watches and, retreating into the kitchen, boiled the expensive timepieces in a pot of tomato sauce. He is widely regarded as one of the twentieth century's greatest writers. [398] When reading This Side of Paradise, Fay wrote to Fitzgerald that the use of his own biographical experiences told in confidence to the young author "gave him a queer feeling. ( The Bridgehead ) The tragic trajectory of F. Scott Fitzgerald and his wife Zelda has long since become a legend of the Jazz Age, looming large in the American literary landscape. [11], Procter & Gamble fired his father in March 1908, and the family returned to Saint Paul. [205] The novel did not sell well upon publication, with approximately 12,000 sold in the first three months,[206] but, like The Great Gatsby, the book's reputation has since grown significantly.[207]. [403] The lovers are reunited only after Fitzgerald has attained enough money to take her away from her adulterous husband. [380] Consequently, Gatsby's ascent is deemed a threat not only due to his status as nouveau riche, but because he is perceived as an outsider. [21], During his sophomore year, an 18-year-old Fitzgerald returned home to Saint Paul during Christmas break where he met and fell in love with 16-year-old Chicago debutante Ginevra King. The Daughter of - The Frances "Scottie" Fitzgerald Lanaham Smith [224] The article damaged Fitzgerald's reputation and prompted him to attempt suicide after reading it. An error has occured while loading the map. "[244] As Graham had read none of his works, Fitzgerald attempted to buy her a set of his novels. Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald (September 24, 1896 December 21, 1940) was an American novelist, essayist, and short story writer. However, Fitzgerald's writing came at the expense of his coursework. "Scott Fitzgerald" and "Francis Fitzgerald" redirect here. [75], While revising his novel, Fitzgerald took a job repairing car roofs at the Northern Pacific Shops in St. , John MALLORY, Isabeau de DAMPIERRE , John de FIENNES, Alinor de PROVENCE , Henri III d'ANGLETERRE. "[299] His work, they declared, pulsed with originality. "[359] Consequently, he became a vocal critic of America's leisure class and his works satirized their lives. [328] Nevertheless, a minority opinion praised the work as the best American novel since The Great Gatsby. Thanks for reading. It was an age of miracles, it was an age of art, it was an age of excess, and it was an age of satire. [111] On October 26, 1921, Zelda gave birth to their daughter and only child Frances Scott "Scottie" Fitzgerald. Perhaps the quintessential American novel, as well as a definitive social history of the Jazz Age, The Great Gatsby has become required reading for virtually every American high school student and has had a transportive effect on generation after generation of readers. Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald is F. Scott Fitzgerald's full name. [313] He eschewed the realism of his previous two novels and composed a creative work of sustained imagination. Although Tender is the Night was a commercial failure and was initially poorly received due to its chronologically jumbled structure, it has since gained in reputation and is now considered among the great American novels. "[97] Writer Dorothy Parker first encountered the couple riding on the roof of a taxi. . [340][341] In contrast to the older Lost Generation to which Fitzgerald and Hemingway belonged, the Jazz Age generation were younger Americans who had been adolescents during World War I and were largely untouched by the devastating conflict's psychological and material horrors. The family tree for F. Scott Fitzgerald should not be considered exhaustive or authoritative.
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